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Cheat Sheet (备忘单) Linux 常用 Command
The cheat sheet is as a useful command reference for this module.
| Command(命令) | Description(描述) |
|---|---|
man <tool> |
Opens man pages for the specified tool.(打开指定工具的手册页。) |
<tool> -h |
Prints the help page of the tool.(打印工具的帮助页面。) |
apropos <keyword> |
Searches through man pages’ descriptions for instances of a given keyword.(在手册页的描述中搜索给定关键字的实例。) |
cat |
Concatenate and print files.(连接和打印文件。) |
whoami |
Displays current username.(显示当前用户名。) |
id |
Returns users identity.(返回用户身份。) |
hostname |
Sets or prints the name of the current host system.(设置或打印当前主机系统的名称) |
uname |
Prints operating system name.(打印操作系统名称。) |
pwd |
Returns working directory name.(返回工作目录名称。) |
ifconfig |
The ifconfig utility is used to assign or view an address to a network interface and/or configure network interface parameters.(该 ifconfig 实用程序用于分配或查看网络接口的地址和 / 或配置网络接口参数。) |
ip |
Ip is a utility to show or manipulate routing, network devices, interfaces, and tunnels.(Ip 是一种显示或操作路由、网络设备、接口和隧道的实用程序。) |
netstat |
Shows network status.(显示网络状态。) |
ss |
Another utility to investigate sockets.(另一个调查套接字的实用程序。) |
ps |
Shows process status.(显示进程状态。) |
who |
Displays who is logged in.(显示谁登录了。) |
env |
Prints environment or sets and executes a command.(打印环境或设置并执行命令。) |
lsblk |
Lists block devices.(列出块设备。) |
lsusb |
Lists USB devices.(列出 USB 设备。) |
lsof |
Lists opened files.(列出打开的文件。) |
lspci |
Lists PCI devices.(列出 PCI 设备。) |
sudo |
Execute command as a different user.(以不同的用户身份执行命令。) |
su |
The su utility requests appropriate user credentials via PAM and switches to that user ID (the default user is the superuser). A shell is then executed.(该 su 实用程序通过 PAM 请求适当的用户凭证并切换到该用户 ID（默认用户是超级用户）。然后执行 shell。) |
useradd |
Creates a new user or update default new user information.(创建新用户或更新默认的新用户信息。) |
userdel |
Deletes a user account and related files.(删除用户帐户和相关文件。) |
usermod |
Modifies a user account.(修改用户帐户。) |
addgroup |
Adds a group to the system.(向系统添加一个组。) |
delgroup |
Removes a group from the system.(从系统中删除一个组。) |
passwd |
Changes user password.(更改用户密码。) |
dpkg |
Install, remove and configure Debian-based packages.(安装、删除和配置基于 Debian 的软件包。) |
apt |
High-level package management command-line utility.(高级包管理命令行实用程序。) |
aptitude |
Alternative to apt.(替代apt.) |
snap |
Install, remove and configure snap packages.(安装、删除和配置 snap 包。) |
gem |
Standard package manager for Ruby.(Ruby 的标准包管理器。) |
pip |
Standard package manager for Python.(Python 的标准包管理器。) |
git |
Revision control system command-line utility.(修订控制系统命令行实用程序。) |
systemctl |
Command-line based service and systemd control manager.(基于命令行的服务和 systemd 控制管理器。) |
ps |
Prints a snapshot of the current processes.(打印当前进程的快照。) |
journalctl |
Query the systemd journal.(查询 systemd 日志。) |
kill |
Sends a signal to a process.(向进程发送信号。) |
bg |
Puts a process into background.(将进程置于后台。) |
jobs |
Lists all processes that are running in the background.(列出在后台运行的所有进程。) |
fg |
Puts a process into the foreground.(将进程置于前台。) |
curl |
Command-line utility to transfer data from or to a server.(用于从服务器传输数据或向服务器传输数据的命令行实用程序。) |
wget |
An alternative to curl that downloads files from FTP or HTTP(s) server.(替代方法 curl 是从 FTP 或 HTTP(s) 服务器下载文件。) |
python3 -m http.server |
Starts a Python3 web server on TCP port 8000.(在 TCP 端口 8000 上启动 Python3 Web 服务器。) |
ls |
Lists directory contents.(列出目录内容。) |
cd |
Changes the directory.(更改目录。) |
clear |
Clears the terminal.(清除终端。) |
touch |
Creates an empty file.(创建一个空文件。) |
mkdir |
Creates a directory.(创建一个目录。) |
tree |
Lists the contents of a directory recursively.(递归地列出目录的内容。) |
mv |
Move or rename files or directories.(移动或重命名文件或目录。) |
cp |
Copy files or directories.(复制文件或目录。) |
nano |
Terminal based text editor.(基于终端的文本编辑器。) |
which |
Returns the path to a file or link.(返回文件或链接的路径。) |
find |
Searches for files in a directory hierarchy.(在目录层次结构中搜索文件。) |
updatedb |
Updates the locale database for existing contents on the system.(为系统上的现有内容更新语言环境数据库。) |
locate |
Uses the locale database to find contents on the system.(使用语言环境数据库查找系统上的内容。) |
more |
Pager that is used to read STDOUT or files.(用于读取 STDOUT 或文件的寻呼机。) |
less |
An alternative to more with more features.(more具有更多功能的替代方案。) |
head |
Prints the first ten lines of STDOUT or a file.(打印 STDOUT 或文件的前十行。) |
tail |
Prints the last ten lines of STDOUT or a file.(打印 STDOUT 或文件的最后十行。) |
sort |
Sorts the contents of STDOUT or a file.(对 STDOUT 或文件的内容进行排序。) |
grep |
Searches for specific results that contain given patterns.(搜索包含给定模式的特定结果。) |
cut |
Removes sections from each line of files.(从每行文件中删除部分。) |
tr |
Replaces certain characters.(替换某些字符。) |
column |
Command-line based utility that formats its input into multiple columns.(基于命令行的实用程序，可将其输入格式化为多列。) |
awk |
Pattern scanning and processing language.(模式扫描和处理语言。) |
sed |
A stream editor for filtering and transforming text.(用于过滤和转换文本的流编辑器。) |
wc |
Prints newline, word, and byte counts for a given input.(打印给定输入的换行符、单词和字节计数。) |
chmod |
Changes permission of a file or directory.(更改文件或目录的权限。) |
chown |
Changes the owner and group of a file or directory.(更改文件或目录的所有者和组。) |
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2022-12-15
